Resistant surface and method of making the same.



c. B. muons. I RESISTANT SURFACE AND METHOD OF MAKINB THE SAME.

APPLIOATIOI FILED APR. 21, 190B. RENEWED EAR. 12, 1910.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

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UNITED sTATnsrgtrENtr OFFICE.

CHARLES B. JACOBS, OF PORT CHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO MURRAY AND JACOBS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters I'atent.

Patented Apr. 12, 1910.

Application filed April 21, 1906, Serial in 312,967. Renewed March 12, 1910. Serial No. 548,801.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLns B. JAooes, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Port Chester, Westchester county,

State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Resistant Surfaces and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of surfaces adapted to resist abrasion, and it has for its object to provide a surface which, while adapted for a wide variety of uses where abrasion is to be avoided, is particularly adapted to resist abrasion by the impact of abrasive. material, as in dredging pumps and pipes, disintegrating mills, and the like.

My invention also has for an object to provide a method whereby such surfaces may begiven the desired shape and dimensions and may be produced easily and cheaply.

These and other objects of the invention I will in part be obvious and in part be more fully explained in the following description.

The invention consists in the novel improvements, constructions, and methods of construction herein set forth.

I have discovered that a practically indestructible surface may be produced by forming it ofelements harder than the abradant to which the surface is subjected, providing that when subjected to impacts the said elements are at least in substantially as fine a state of division as the abradant to. the impacts of which the surfaces are subjected, and so closely arranged as to protect the binding material from the action of the abradant. The binding material should be of such a character and so disposed as to hold the surface elements against the impact of the abradant. I have also discovered that a surface of the character specified may be produced by forming a mold for the article, covering or coating a mold surf-ace which is to 've shape to a resistant surface of the article, with a layerof the harder elements which are to give the surface its resistant quality. and then introducing into the mold a liquid which will enetrate the said layer without destroying t e elements thereof andwhich will tereafter become sufliciently rigid to effectively resist displacement of said harder elements by the abradant. For

-sion. The ayer may beiiandpreferablfyg example, to produce a surface well adapted to resist the abrading action of gritt substances, as sand or rock fragments, I orm a sand mold, such as those employed for making iron castings, then cover such of the mold surfaces as are to give shape to the resistant surface of the article with a layer of corundum, carborundum, alundum, or similar natural or artificial material which is harder than the gritty substances, said harder mate rial being comminuted, preferably somewhat finer than the fragments of the gritty substance when the latter act by impact. This layer should cover the surface of the mold so that the interstices between the particles Preferably, a binding material is employed which will be displaced'by the liquid which is introduced into the mold. In the example given, a paste, such as that employed by coremakers, may be used and a coating consistingof the hard material and the paste may e surface or to asand core and then afterward introduced with the core into the mold;

The layer of harder material having been applied to the desired surface or surfaces of the mold, the latter is filled with molten iron which will penetrate the la er of harder material so that when it cools, 1t will firmly unite the elements thereo'f'and hold them in.

applied either directly to a mold such close relation that the iron will be protected from the action of the abradant and will effectively resist displacement of the elements of' the. harder material. by the abradant'. Where the layer of harder material includes a binding material, such as the paste referred to destroy the same and take its place 1n the layer, thus uniting the elements of the harder material, as in the case where no binding'- material is employed. By reason the molten iron will of the comminuted or granular form of the hard mineral elements, such as those 8 fied, the same are capable of withstan 'ng the high temperature of the molten iron without being disin ted orso injured as to be inelfectlve or y held by the iron when solidified. v

In order that m invention may be more fully understood, {7 have in the accompany ing drawing, which is referred to hereln and forms a art hereof, illustrated two molds pre ared in accordance with certain features 0 In invention together with the roducts pro need from the molds and emying certain other features of the invention.

Of the drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical section of a mold for a bar or flat plate with a resistant surface; Fig. 2 represents a section of the article cast in the mold of Fig. 1; Fig.- 3 is a view similar to that of Fi .1, illustrating another form of mold; an Fig. at represents a section of an article cast in the mold of Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the mold of 'Flg. 1 comprises a drag section 1 in which a mold recess 2 is formed. The lower horizontal surface-of this mold recess is represented as having applied thereto a layer 3 of a suitable hard material, the ele ments of the layer being-represented as com- Eletely covering the mold surface and as avmg a substantial thickness or depth. The mold is completed by the cope section 4 in which is formed the gate 5 through which the mold may be filled with molten 11'011.

In 2 the late or bar 6, cast in such a mold as that ustrated in Fi 1, is represented as having embedded in t e lower part thereof and form its lower surface a layer 7 of the hard material. It?) Fig. 3 the mold rec'es is formed partly m e section 9, and the recess is pa y filled with a core section 10. In this case the layer of 11- eldhard material is represented as a coa around the core 10, the elements by a suitable binding material. The gate throu which the mold is filledis represen at 12. The article cast in this mold,

. which article may be a pipe,'is represented in section in Fig. 4. As there shown, the article 13 is provided on its inner surface with a layer 14 of the hard material, the

molten iron having displaced the binding to so firmly unite the material and elements of the hard material as to eflect- 1vely resist their displacement by the action of the abrading material passing through the pipe.

are embedded from abrasion.

drag section 8 and part1 in the'cope.

accuratel formed by the mold surface and the arti e produced at onl slight expense in addition to that of an o inary iron castlected being those best ada ted or suitable for the particular use to w 'ch the article is to be applied.

In its broader aspects, my invention is not limited to the particular materials or to the particular steps or mode of procedure herein specified by way of example, as many variations may be resorted to without departing from the main principles of the invention and without sacrificing its chief advantages.

I claim: w

1. An article adapted to resist abrasion, said article consisting'of a base of cast metal and a layer of granular hard mineral elements, said elements being so closely arranged as to protect the. base'in hich they elements, said e ements being -of rial and size that they will ,nctjbe. injured by the heat of the molten metal when casting the same and said element's beingj'so closely arranged as to rotect the base winch they are embedded om abrasidn; Q 4 3. An article adapted to resist. abrasion, said article consisting of a base of cast iron and a layer of granular hard mineral elements, the articles of the said elements being so closely arranged as to protect the iron in which they are embedded from abrasion.

4. An article adapted to resist abrasion, said article consist' of a base of cast iron and a layer of gran corundum, the particles of thecorundum so closely arranged as to protect the iron in which they are embedded from abrasion.

5. The method of rodu articles adapted to resist abrasion, whi method consists in forming a mold having a surface which is to give shape-to a resistant surface of the article coated with 'a layer of granular hard mineral elements and then introducing into the mold a molten metal which will penetrate the said coating without destroymg the hard mineral elements and which will thereafter become sufliciently rigid to effectively resist displacement of said hard mineral elements b the abradant.

6. The method of u articles adapted to resist 8133831011, which method consists in forming amold having a surface whichistogive shapetoaresistantsurface of the article coated with a layer comprising granular hard mineral elements and a bindabrasion,

ing'material and then introducing into the mold a molten metalwhich will replace the said bindin material without destroying the hard mineral elements and which will thereafter become sufliciently rigid to effectively displace the said hard mineral elements by the abradant. 4

7. The method of producing an article adapted to. resist abrasion, which method consists informing a sand mold having a surface which is to give shape to a resistant surface of the article-coatedwith a layer comprising granular hard mineral elements and then introducing into the mold molten lI'OIl. k

' 8. The method of producing an article adapted to resist abrasion, which method consists in formin a mold for the article, coating a mold sur ace whlch is to give shape to a resistant surface of the article with a layer comprising granular corundum and then filling the mold with molten iron.

' 9. The method of producing an article adapted to resist abrasion, which method consists in forming a mold for the article, coating a mold surface which is to shape a resistant surface of the article with a la er .of granular mineral elements, and then 11- ing the mold with a molten metal which melts at a high temperature, said elements being of such material and size that they will not be injured by the heat of the molten metal and so closely arranged that when the metal is solidified it will be protected by said elements from abrasion.

binding materia and then filling the mold with molten iron, said binding material being such that it will be destroyed or displaced by the molten iron.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of 'two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES B. JACOBS. Witnesses:

WM. J. DOLAN, J OHN OONAHZEY. 

